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Religion in North Korea
There are no known official statistics of religions in North Korea. North Korea is an atheist state where public religion is discouraged.〔Elizabeth Raum. ''North Korea''. Series: ''Countries Around the World''. Heinemann, 2012. ISBN 1432961330. p. 28: «North Korea is an atheist state. This means that people do not pray in public or attend places of worship. Buddhist temples exist from earlier times. They are now preserved as historic buildings, but they are not used for worship. A few Christian churches exist, but few people attend services. North Koreans do not celebrate religious holidays.»〕 Based on estimates from the late 1990s〔Chryssides, Geaves. 2007. p. 110〕 and the 2000s,〔〔Association of Religion Data Archives: (North Korea: Religious Adherents, 2010 ). Data from the World Christian Database.〕 North Korea is mostly atheist and agnostic, with the religious life dominated by the traditions of Korean shamanism and Chondoism. There are small communities of Buddhists and Christians. The sole organised religion that has an official status is Chondoism,〔Baker, 2008. p. 146〕 which is represented in politics by the Party of the Young Friends of the Heavenly Way,〔Baker, 2008. p. 146〕 and is regarded by the government as Korea's "national religion"〔KCNA: ''(Chondoism, National Religion )''. North Korea Economy Watch 5/23/2007.〕 because of its identity as a ''minjung'' (popular)〔Lee, 1996. p. 110〕 and "revolutionary anti-imperialist" movement.〔Baker, 2008. p. 146〕
==History==
At the dawn of the 20th century, almost the totality of the population of Korea believed in the indigenous shamanic religion and practiced Confucian rites and ancestral worship.〔Pyong Gap Min, 2014.〕 Korean Buddhism was nearly dead, reduced to a tiny and weak minority of monks, despite its long history and cultural influence, because of 500 years of suppression by the ruling Neo-Confucian Joseon kingdom,〔 which also disregarded traditional cults.〔Joon-sik Choi, 2006. p. 15〕
In this environment, Christianity began to rapidly gain foothold since the late 18th century, due to an intense missionary activity that was aided by the endorsement at first by the ''Silhak'' and ''Seohak'' intellectual parties, and then at the end of the following century by the king of Korea himself and the intellectual elite of the crumbling Joseon state, who were looking for a new social factor to invigorate the Korean nation.〔Grayson, 2002. pp. 155-161〕 During the absorption of Korea into the Japanese Empire the already formed link of Christianity with Korean nationalism was strengthened.〔Grayson, 2002. pp. 158-161〕 Christianity became widespread especially in the north of the peninsula,〔Grayson, 2002. p. 158〕 where Chondoism and other movements that sought to reform the Korean indigenous religion flourished as well〔Carl Young. ''Into the Sunset: Ch’ŏndogyo in North Korea, 1945–1950''. On: ''Journal of Korean Religions'', Volume 4, Number 2, October 2013. pp. 51-66 / 10.1353/jkr.2013.0010〕 to counter Christian influence.〔Lee, 1996. p. 105〕
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